很多人對
even 有個誤解,以為
even 等於中文的「即使」,結果把它錯用為連接詞(conjunction),例如:
*Even
you take a taxi, you won’t catch the flight.
有些人以為上句正確無誤,可就是不合文法。問題在於 even 並不是連接詞,但大家平常見到 even 出現的地方,又確實可以解作「即使,就連」,例如:
Even a child can answer this
question.(就連小孩也能回答這個問題。)
She is
willing to help even with no reward.(即使沒有酬勞,她也願意來幫忙。)
He never
bought me gifts, even on my birthday.(他從來沒給我買過禮物,即使在我生日的時候。)
以上三句都合乎文法,為甚麼呢?因為 even 的詞性實際上是副詞(adverb),而副詞只可以在句子中依附於其他片語(phrase),起修飾的作用,例如上面的 (even) a child、(even) with no reward、(even) on my birthday,但不能依附於子句(clause),所以第一句的 even you take a taxi 就不成立了。
一般人把
even 誤用作連接詞,可能是因為 even 確實會出現於子句中,但必須以 even if 一起連用,某程度上就是用 even 來修飾 if,加強「即使…也…」的效果,故此上句的正確寫法就是 Even if you take a taxi, you won’t
catch the flight.(即使你乘計程車去,也趕不上那班飛機。)
再多舉兩例:
Even
if he is admitted to university, he can’t afford the school fees.(即使他考上大學,也付不起學費。)
I decide to give it a try even if there is only a slim chance
of success.(即使成功的機會很微,我也決定試一試。)
此外,不要混淆 even if 和 even though,兩個意思看上去很相近,但含意並不一樣,even if 強調假設的情況,even though 則強調既定的事實,例如:
Even
if I had enough money, I wouldn’t buy that suit.(即使我有足夠的錢,我也不會買那套西裝。)
Even though I had enough money,
I didn’t buy that suit.(雖然我有足夠的錢,但我沒有買那套西裝。)
48E6A
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